TollandRCR wrote:
I wonder whether some people who have been diagnosed with Asperger's, autism, or other behavioral disorders might benefit from being told that they do not have a mental disorder; they are simply different in how they approach intellectual tasks, the social world, or both. Perhaps unfortunately, we are now "treating" people at either end of these two continua: the highly focused and those unable to focus, the socially outgoing who may experience problems with authorities and the painfully shy. But I don't know whether a change would be good or bad. What the APA seems to be preparing to say is that some people who were previously diagnosed as on the autism spectrum have no mental disorder at all.
The problem is that people are generally not "diagnosed" with something unless there's something at least subjectively wrong with them or how they're interacting with other people. The problem with narrowing the definition, though, is that someone severely autistic may just be on the extreme end of a spectrum, part of which is within a normal range, at least in our society. Those same people, though, may have a higher likelihood of having children with the kind of autistic spectrum symptoms that actually severely limit people.
At least one theory about the seeming rise in autistic spectrum people is that we now have professions, like computers and engineering, where people who might in past eras have been consigned to monasteries are now quite financially successful and more likely to have families, and more likely to have them with people of the same type. It may be that a single dose of the kinds of genes associated with high intelligence give you a high IQ nerd who can be quite successful, but a double dose from both parents is more likely to result in someone profoundly affected. At least some of this is based on pure speculation and anecdotal data from places like Silicon Valley, where there is a seeming epidemic.
The APA is kind of torn between two problems with something called a "diagnostic" manual. One is that not everything that isn't "normal" is a "disease." The other is that a spectrum like the autistic spectrum disorders provides a useful framework for thinking about how brains and minds work, and the line between a treatable illness or condition and something neutral or even positive doesn't make a useful demarcation. Asperger's and other non-neurotypical conditions like ADHD are a mixed bag. The very traits that may cause enormous interpersonal problems may at the same time be the precise traits that make it possible to be a professional success.
At the same time, I look at this and see it as a great way for insurance companies to save a lot of money, and that the insurance companies basically own what we call "medicine" these days, and I can't just assume their motives are pure.